AMS 5399 ROUND BAR & RENÉ 41 NICKEL ALLOY: COMPLETE MANUFACTURING, EQUIVALENT GRADES, STANDARDS, APPLICATIONS AND GLOBAL BUYER GUIDE INTRODUCTION TO AMS 5399 ROUND BAR AND RENÉ 41 NICKEL ALLOY AMS 5399, RENÉ 41, ALLOY 41, UNS N07041, WERKSTOFF 2.4973, AND NICR19CO11MOTI ARE CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH-STRENGTH, PRECIPITATION-HARDENABLE NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY FAMILY USED WHERE EXCEPTIONAL ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH, OXIDATION RESISTANCE, CORROSION RESISTANCE, AND DIMENSIONAL STABILITY ARE REQUIRED. HOWEVER, BUYERS AND ENGINEERS SHOULD MAKE AN IMPORTANT DISTINCTION BETWEEN AMS 5399 MATERIAL AND RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR. SAE AMS 5399 SPECIFICALLY COVERS NICKEL ALLOY INVESTMENT CASTINGS, PRODUCED BY VACUUM MELTING, VACUUM CASTING, AND SOLUTION HEAT TREATMENT. THE CURRENT AMS 5399D WAS REAFFIRMED IN NOVEMBER 2023. FOR ROUND BAR, FORGINGS AND RINGS, THE CORRESPONDING RENÉ 41 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS ARE PRINCIPALLY AMS 5712 FOR SOLUTION-TREATED MATERIAL AND AMS 5713 FOR SOLUTION- AND PRECIPITATION-TREATED MATERIAL. SAE DOCUMENTATION IDENTIFIES THESE SPECIFICATIONS AS COVERING BARS, FORGINGS, RINGS AND ASSOCIATED FORGING STOCK. THIS DISTINCTION IS CRITICAL WHEN PREPARING AN AEROSPACE PURCHASE ORDER, MATERIAL TEST CERTIFICATE, MILL CERTIFICATE, INSPECTION PLAN OR CUSTOMER SPECIFICATION. AMS 5399 MATERIAL AT A GLANCE MATERIAL FAMILY: NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY COMMON ALLOY NAME: RENÉ 41 / ALLOY 41 UNS: N07041 WERKSTOFF NO. 2.4973 DIN DESIGNATION: NICR19CO11MOTI AMS CASTING SPECIFICATION: AMS 5399 CURRENT AMS 5399 REVISION: AMS 5399D AMS BAR SPECIFICATION: AMS 5712 AMS PRECIPITATION-TREATED BAR SPECIFICATION: AMS 5713 AMS SHEET/PLATE FAMILY: AMS 5545 AMS WELDING-WIRE FAMILY: AMS 5800 MANUFACTURING ROUTE UNDER AMS 5399: VACUUM MELT → INVESTMENT CAST → SOLUTION HEAT TREAT TYPICAL BAR ROUTE: VACUUM MELT → WROUGHT PROCESSING/FORGING → HEAT TREATMENT → FINISHING ALLOY TYPE: PRECIPITATION-HARDENABLE NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY MAJOR ALLOYING ELEMENTS: NI-CR-CO-MO-TI-AL-B PRINCIPAL INDUSTRIES: AEROSPACE, AIRCRAFT ENGINES, GAS TURBINES, HIGH-TEMPERATURE ENGINEERING SAE IDENTIFIES AMS 5399D AS AN INVESTMENT-CASTING SPECIFICATION, WHILE SAE'S AMS 5712 AND AMS 5713 COVER THE BAR/FORGING/RING FORMS OF THIS ALLOY FAMILY. WHAT IS AMS 5399? AMS 5399 IS AN SAE AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION FOR A CORROSION- AND HEAT-RESISTANT NICKEL ALLOY IN INVESTMENT-CAST FORM. THE SPECIFICATION DESCRIBES A NOMINAL CHEMISTRY BASED AROUND: • APPROXIMATELY 52% NICKEL • 19% CHROMIUM • 11% COBALT • 9.8% MOLYBDENUM • 3.2% TITANIUM • 1.6% ALUMINUM • APPROXIMATELY 0.006% BORON AMS 5399 EVOLVED THROUGH SEVERAL REVISIONS. THE ORIGINAL SPECIFICATION DATES TO 1966, FOLLOWED BY AMS 5399A, AMS 5399B, AMS 5399C AND THE CURRENT AMS 5399D. SAE LISTS AMS 5399D AS REAFFIRMED IMPORTANT PURCHASING NOTE A MATERIAL ADVERTISED SIMPLY AS: “AMS 5399 ROUND BAR” SHOULD BE INVESTIGATED CAREFULLY. AMS 5399 ITSELF SPECIFIES INVESTMENT CASTINGS, NOT CONVENTIONAL WROUGHT ROUND BAR. FOR GENUINE RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR, PURCHASERS SHOULD NORMALLY INVESTIGATE THE APPLICABLE AMS 5712 OR AMS 5713 REQUIREMENTS AND THE EXACT CONDITION REQUIRED BY THE DRAWING OR CUSTOMER SPECIFICATION. RENÉ 41 — THE COMMON NAME BEHIND THE CHEMISTRY THE ALLOY CHEMISTRY ASSOCIATED WITH AMS 5399 IS WIDELY RECOGNIZED AS RENÉ 41 / ALLOY 41. OTHER COMMONLY ENCOUNTERED DESIGNATIONS INCLUDE: • RENÉ 41 • RENE 41 • ALLOY 41 • NICKEL ALLOY 41 • NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOY 41 • UNS N07041 • W.NR. 2.4973 • NICR19CO11MOTI • NC19KDT • ATI RENÉ 41 • ALLVAC 41 • PYROMET ALLOY 41 COMMERCIAL AND ENGINEERING REFERENCES IDENTIFY UNS N07041, 2.4973, AND NICR19CO11MOTI WITH RENÉ 41. BRAND AND TRADE NAMES SHOULD NOT AUTOMATICALLY BE TREATED AS IDENTICAL CERTIFICATIONS. THE PURCHASER SHOULD ALWAYS VERIFY THE ACTUAL MILL CERTIFICATE, HEAT CHEMISTRY, PRODUCT FORM, HEAT TREATMENT AND GOVERNING SPECIFICATION. AMS 5399 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION THE CHARACTERISTIC AMS 5399 COMPOSITION IS BASED ON A NICKEL-RICH MATRIX STRENGTHENED BY CHROMIUM, COBALT, MOLYBDENUM, TITANIUM AND ALUMINUM. ELEMENT NOMINAL / CHARACTERISTIC LEVEL NICKEL BALANCE CHROMIUM ~19% COBALT ~11% MOLYBDENUM ~9.8% TITANIUM ~3.2% ALUMINUM ~1.6% BORON ~0.006% HISTORICAL SAE TITLES DESCRIBE THE ALLOY AS APPROXIMATELY 52NI-19CR-11CO-9.8MO-3.2TI-1.6AL-0.006B. THE PRECISE ALLOWABLE LIMITS DEPEND UPON THE REVISION AND PRODUCT SPECIFICATION. THEREFORE, AN ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION SHOULD NEVER SUBSTITUTE A NOMINAL COMPOSITION FOR THE APPLICABLE AMS CHEMISTRY LIMITS. WHY RENÉ 41 HAS SUCH HIGH TEMPERATURE STRENGTH RENÉ 41 IS A PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY. ITS PERFORMANCE COMES FROM SEVERAL METALLURGICAL MECHANISMS. NICKEL MATRIX NICKEL PROVIDES THE CONTINUOUS MATRIX CAPABLE OF MAINTAINING STRENGTH AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. CHROMIUM CHROMIUM CONTRIBUTES TO OXIDATION AND CORROSION RESISTANCE. COBALT COBALT SUPPORTS HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH AND METALLURGICAL STABILITY. MOLYBDENUM MOLYBDENUM PROVIDES STRONG SOLID-SOLUTION STRENGTHENING AND CONTRIBUTES TO ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE. TITANIUM AND ALUMINUM TITANIUM AND ALUMINUM PARTICIPATE IN THE FORMATION OF STRENGTHENING PRECIPITATES, PARTICULARLY THE GAMMA-PRIME PHASE. BORON THE CONTROLLED BORON ADDITION CONTRIBUTES TO GRAIN-BOUNDARY STRENGTHENING AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE. THE RESULTING MATERIAL IS SUBSTANTIALLY MORE SPECIALIZED THAN ORDINARY STAINLESS STEEL OR CONVENTIONAL NICKEL ALLOY. AMS 5399 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 1) RAW MATERIAL SELECTION MANUFACTURING BEGINS WITH CAREFULLY CONTROLLED NICKEL-BASE ALLOY CHARGE MATERIALS. TYPICAL CONTROLS INCLUDE: • NICKEL PURITY • CHROMIUM ADDITIONS • COBALT ADDITIONS • MOLYBDENUM ADDITIONS • TITANIUM ADDITIONS • ALUMINUM ADDITIONS • BORON ADDITIONS • TRACE-ELEMENT CONTROL • SULFUR CONTROL • LEAD AND BISMUTH CONTROL • CLEANLINESS AND INCLUSION CONTROL FOR AEROSPACE-QUALITY PRODUCTION, CHEMISTRY TRACEABILITY IS ESSENTIAL. 2) VACUUM MELTING AMS 5399 CALLS FOR A VACUUM-MELTED ALLOY. VACUUM PROCESSING HELPS CONTROL REACTIVE AND UNDESIRABLE ELEMENTS AND SUPPORTS THE CLEANLINESS REQUIREMENTS NECESSARY FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE AEROSPACE COMPONENTS. A TYPICAL MANUFACTURING PHILOSOPHY INVOLVES: CHARGE PREPARATION → VACUUM MELTING → CHEMICAL ADJUSTMENT → TEMPERATURE CONTROL → MELT CLEANLINESS → CASTING THE EXACT FURNACE TECHNOLOGY DEPENDS ON THE PRODUCER AND QUALIFICATION ROUTE. 3) INVESTMENT CASTING UNLIKE CONVENTIONAL ROUND-BAR PRODUCTION, AMS 5399 IS SPECIFICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH INVESTMENT CASTINGS. INVESTMENT CASTING ALLOWS MANUFACTURERS TO PRODUCE INTRICATE GEOMETRIES WITH: • THIN SECTIONS • COMPLEX PASSAGES • INTEGRAL BOSSES • CURVED PROFILES • DETAILED AEROSPACE GEOMETRIES • NEAR-NET-SHAPE COMPONENTS THIS IS WHY AMS 5399 SHOULD NOT SIMPLY BE DESCRIBED AS A ROUND-BAR STANDARD. HOW RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR IS MANUFACTURED WHEN THE CUSTOMER ACTUALLY REQUIRES RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR, THE MANUFACTURING ROUTE IS DIFFERENT. RELEVANT SAE SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDE AMS 5712 AND AMS 5713. SAE DOCUMENTATION SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIES THESE SPECIFICATIONS WITH BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS. AMS 5712 COVERS SOLUTION-TREATED MATERIAL, WHILE AMS 5713 COVERS SOLUTION- AND PRECIPITATION-TREATED MATERIAL. A TYPICAL MANUFACTURING SEQUENCE IS: STEP 1 — VACUUM MELTING HIGH-PURITY RAW MATERIALS ARE MELTED UNDER CONTROLLED VACUUM CONDITIONS. STEP 2 — HOMOGENIZATION / PRIMARY PROCESSING THE SOLIDIFIED MATERIAL IS PROCESSED TO ESTABLISH SUITABLE METALLURGICAL UNIFORMITY. STEP 3 — FORGING OR WROUGHT CONVERSION THE BILLET IS HOT-WORKED THROUGH CONTROLLED FORGING OR OTHER QUALIFIED WROUGHT-PROCESSING OPERATIONS. STEP 4 — INTERMEDIATE HEAT TREATMENT HEAT TREATMENT IS USED TO CONTROL THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PREPARE THE MATERIAL FOR SUBSEQUENT PROCESSING. STEP 5 — BAR CONVERSION THE MATERIAL MAY BE CONVERTED INTO ROUND BAR THROUGH: • HOT FORGING • ROTARY FORGING • ROLLING • PEELING • TURNING • GRINDING • CENTERLESS GRINDING THE PRECISE ROUTE DEPENDS ON DIAMETER, DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCE, SURFACE FINISH AND CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS. STEP 6 — SOLUTION TREATMENT SOLUTION TREATMENT ESTABLISHES THE REQUIRED METALLURGICAL CONDITION. STEP 7 — PRECIPITATION TREATMENT WHERE REQUIRED BY THE APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION, CONTROLLED AGING DEVELOPS THE PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED MICROSTRUCTURE. STEP 8 — STRAIGHTENING BARS MAY REQUIRE CONTROLLED STRAIGHTENING TO ACHIEVE THE SPECIFIED STRAIGHTNESS. STEP 9 — CENTERLESS GRINDING / PRECISION FINISHING FOR CLOSE-TOLERANCE APPLICATIONS, PRECISION GRINDING PROVIDES THE REQUIRED DIAMETER AND SURFACE QUALITY. STEP 10 — INSPECTION FINAL INSPECTION CAN INCLUDE: • CHEMICAL ANALYSIS • TENSILE TESTING • HARDNESS TESTING • DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION • SURFACE INSPECTION • ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION WHERE SPECIFIED • METALLOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION • HEAT-TREATMENT VERIFICATION • TRACEABILITY REVIEW AMS 5712 VS AMS 5713 FOR RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR AMS 5712: NICKEL-BASE ALLOY BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS; SOLUTION TREATED AMS 5713: NICKEL-BASE ALLOY BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS; SOLUTION AND PRECIPITATION TREATED AMS 5399: INVESTMENT CASTINGS; VACUUM MELTED, VACUUM CAST AND SOLUTION HEAT TREATED AMS 5545: SHEET, STRIP AND PLATE AMS 5800: WELDING WIRE SAE CURRENTLY IDENTIFIES AMS 5712 AND AMS 5713 AS ACTIVE SPECIFICATION FAMILIES, WITH THE LATEST LISTED REVISION BEING L, REVISED/REAFFIRMED IN 2022. AMS 5399 VS AMS 5712 VS AMS 5713 AMS 5399 PRODUCT: INVESTMENT CASTING ALLOY FAMILY: RENÉ 41 VACUUM PROCESSING: YES SOLUTION TREATMENT: YES PRECIPITATION TREATMENT: NOT THE DEFINING CONDITION SUITABLE FOR STANDARD ROUND BAR?: NO — CASTING SPECIFICATION PRIMARY USE: COMPLEX CAST COMPONENTS AMS 5712 PRODUCT: BAR/FORGING/RING ALLOY FAMILY: RENÉ 41 VACUUM PROCESSING: YES SOLUTION TREATMENT: YES PRECIPITATION TREATMENT: NO SUITABLE FOR STANDARD ROUND BAR?: YES PRIMARY USE: WROUGHT PRODUCTS AMS 5713 PRODUCT: BAR/FORGING/RING ALLOY FAMILY: RENÉ 41 VACUUM PROCESSING: YES SOLUTION TREATMENT: YES PRECIPITATION TREATMENT: YES SUITABLE FOR STANDARD ROUND BAR?: YES PRIMARY USE: HIGH-STRENGTH WROUGHT PRODUCTS THIS TABLE IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT FOR CONTENT BECAUSE MANY ONLINE PAGES INCORRECTLY USE THE PHRASE “AMS 5399 ROUND BAR” WHEN THEY ACTUALLY MEAN RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR. INTERNATIONAL EQUIVALENT DESIGNATIONS THE FOLLOWING DESIGNATIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE RENÉ 41 / ALLOY 41 MATERIAL FAMILY: USA — UNS N07041 USA — SAE AMS CASTING AMS 5399 USA — SAE AMS BAR AMS 5712 USA — SAE AMS BAR, PRECIPITATION TREATED AMS 5713 USA — SAE AMS SHEET/PLATE AMS 5545 USA — SAE AMS WELDING WIRE AMS 5800 GERMANY — WERKSTOFF 2.4973 DIN NICR19CO11MOTI FRANCE — AFNOR NC19KDT LEGACY AISI REFERENCE AISI 683 COMMON TRADE NAME RENÉ 41 COMMON GENERIC NAME ALLOY 41 PUBLISHED ENGINEERING REFERENCES IDENTIFY 2.4973 / N07041 / NICR19CO11MOTI / RENÉ 41 AS THE SAME ALLOY FAMILY, WHILE SAE SEPARATELY DEFINES THE APPLICABLE PRODUCT-FORM SPECIFICATIONS. COMMON NAMES AND SEARCH TERMS GLOBAL BUYERS MAY SEARCH FOR THIS MATERIAL USING SUBSTANTIALLY DIFFERENT TERMINOLOGY. HIGH-VALUE SEARCH VARIATIONS INCLUDE: • AMS 5399 • AMS5399 • AMS 5399 MATERIAL • AMS 5399 ALLOY • AMS 5399 CASTING • AMS 5399 INVESTMENT CASTING • AMS 5399 NICKEL ALLOY • AMS 5399 SPECIFICATION • AMS 5399 SUPPLIER • AMS 5399 MANUFACTURER • AMS 5399 EQUIVALENT • AMS 5399 ROUND BAR • AMS5399 ROUND BAR • AMS 5399 BAR • RENÉ 41 • RENE 41 • RENE 41 ROUND BAR • RENE 41 BAR • RENE 41 ALLOY • RENE 41 MATERIAL • RENE 41 SUPPLIER • RENE 41 MANUFACTURER • ALLOY 41 • ALLOY 41 ROUND BAR • NICKEL ALLOY 41 • UNS N07041 • N07041 ROUND BAR • 2.4973 • 2.4973 ROUND BAR • NICR19CO11MOTI • NICKEL SUPERALLOY ROUND BAR • AEROSPACE NICKEL ALLOY • HIGH TEMPERATURE NICKEL ALLOY • PRECIPITATION HARDENING NICKEL ALLOY • NICKEL ALLOY BAR • NICKEL ALLOY ROD • AEROSPACE ALLOY BAR • AIRCRAFT ENGINE ALLOY • TURBINE ALLOY BAR NOTE EXACT WORLDWIDE MONTHLY SEARCH VOLUMES FLUCTUATE BY COUNTRY, SEARCH ENGINE, LANGUAGE, DEVICE AND TIME PERIOD. PUBLIC SEARCH RESULTS AVAILABLE FOR THIS RESEARCH DO NOT PROVIDE A DEFENSIBLE UNIVERSAL “HIGHEST-VOLUME WORLDWIDE” NUMERICAL RANKING, SO THE KEYWORDS ABOVE SHOULD BE TREATED AS A HIGH-INTENT INTERNATIONAL KEYWORD CLUSTER, NOT AS FABRICATED GOOGLE/AHREFS VOLUME FIGURES. RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR APPLICATIONS RENÉ 41 IS SELECTED FOR APPLICATIONS REQUIRING HIGH MECHANICAL STRENGTH AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS INCLUDE: AEROSPACE • AIRCRAFT-ENGINE COMPONENTS • HIGH-TEMPERATURE FASTENERS • BOLTS • STUDS • SHAFTS • RINGS • TURBINE-RELATED HARDWARE • HOT-SECTION COMPONENTS • ENGINE HARDWARE GAS TURBINES • HIGH-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL COMPONENTS • TURBINE HARDWARE • FASTENERS • STRUCTURAL HOT-SECTION PARTS POWER GENERATION THE ALLOY CAN BE CONSIDERED WHERE ELEVATED TEMPERATURE AND MECHANICAL LOADING MAKE ORDINARY STAINLESS STEELS INADEQUATE. INDUSTRIAL HIGH-TEMPERATURE EQUIPMENT POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS INCLUDE: • FURNACE COMPONENTS • HIGH-TEMPERATURE FIXTURES • TOOLING • HIGH-STRENGTH FASTENERS • SPECIALIZED ENGINEERING COMPONENTS THE ALLOY IS VALUED FOR MAINTAINING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AT TEMPERATURES WHERE CONVENTIONAL ENGINEERING ALLOYS LOSE STRENGTH. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RENÉ 41 THE ACTUAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES DEPEND STRONGLY ON: • PRODUCT FORM • DIAMETER • HEAT-TREATMENT CONDITION • TEST TEMPERATURE • GRAIN STRUCTURE • PROCESSING ROUTE • GOVERNING SPECIFICATION • TEST ORIENTATION THEREFORE, SUPPLIERS SHOULD NOT PUBLISH ONE GENERIC TENSILE-STRENGTH NUMBER AS IF IT APPLIES TO EVERY AMS 5399 OR RENÉ 41 PRODUCT. FOR EXAMPLE, ENGINEERING DATA FOR AMS 5712-TYPE RENÉ 41 BAR COMMONLY LISTS MINIMUM ROOM-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS INCLUDING TENSILE STRENGTH AND YIELD STRENGTH, BUT THE APPLICABLE SAE SPECIFICATION AND REVISION SHOULD GOVERN THE PURCHASE. HEAT TREATMENT OF RENÉ 41 HEAT TREATMENT IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT PARTS OF RENÉ 41 MANUFACTURING. THE BASIC METALLURGICAL OBJECTIVES ARE: 1. DISSOLVE UNDESIRABLE PHASES WHERE APPROPRIATE; 2. ESTABLISH A SUITABLE SOLID SOLUTION; 3. CONTROL GRAIN STRUCTURE; 4. DEVELOP PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENING PHASES; 5. ACHIEVE THE REQUIRED STRENGTH AND HARDNESS; 6. MAINTAIN THE REQUIRED DUCTILITY AND TOUGHNESS. TYPICAL SEQUENCE SOLUTION TREATMENT → CONTROLLED COOLING → PRECIPITATION/AGING TREATMENT → COOLING → INSPECTION EXACT TEMPERATURES, HOLDING TIMES, COOLING RATES AND AGING CYCLES SHOULD BE TAKEN FROM THE CURRENT APPLICABLE AMS SPECIFICATION, CUSTOMER DRAWING OR APPROVED HEAT-TREATMENT PROCEDURE. MANUFACTURERS SHOULD NOT SUBSTITUTE A GENERIC INTERNET HEAT-TREATMENT SCHEDULE FOR AN AEROSPACE QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENT. MACHINING RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR RENÉ 41 IS CONSIDERED A CHALLENGING MATERIAL TO MACHINE. ITS CHARACTERISTICS INCLUDE: • HIGH STRENGTH • WORK HARDENING • RELATIVELY LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY • HIGH CUTTING TEMPERATURES • ABRASIVE/TOOL-LOADING BEHAVIOR • SENSITIVITY TO IMPROPER CUTTING PARAMETERS PUBLISHED MACHINING REFERENCES CLASSIFY RENÉ 41 AMONG DIFFICULT NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOYS AND RECOMMEND CONSERVATIVE CUTTING CONDITIONS COMPARED WITH CONVENTIONAL STEELS. RECOMMENDED MACHINING PRINCIPLES USE: • RIGID MACHINE SETUP • SHORT TOOL OVERHANG • SHARP CUTTING TOOLS • CONTROLLED FEEDS • ADEQUATE COOLANT • POSITIVE CHIP EVACUATION • STABLE WORKHOLDING • MINIMAL DWELL • AVOIDANCE OF RUBBING • APPROPRIATE CARBIDE OR ADVANCED CUTTING-TOOL GRADES FOR CRITICAL AEROSPACE COMPONENTS, MACHINING PARAMETERS SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED THROUGH CONTROLLED PRODUCTION TRIALS. SURFACE FINISHING OF RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR DEPENDING ON THE FINAL APPLICATION, RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR CAN UNDERGO: • PEELING • CENTERLESS GRINDING • PRECISION GRINDING • TURNING • POLISHING • DIMENSIONAL FINISHING COMMON BUYER REQUIREMENTS MAY INCLUDE: • BRIGHT FINISH • COLD-FINISHED SURFACE • PRECISION-GROUND SURFACE • TIGHT DIAMETER TOLERANCE • CONTROLLED STRAIGHTNESS • LOW SURFACE ROUGHNESS SURFACE REQUIREMENTS SHOULD BE SPECIFIED SEPARATELY FROM THE BASIC ALLOY DESIGNATION. QUALITY CONTROL FOR AMS 5399 / RENÉ 41 A PROFESSIONAL MANUFACTURER SHOULD MAINTAIN FULL HEAT AND PRODUCT TRACEABILITY. IMPORTANT QUALITY-CONTROL STAGES INCLUDE: CHEMICAL ANALYSIS VERIFY THE HEAT CHEMISTRY AGAINST THE APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION. MECHANICAL TESTING DEPENDING ON PRODUCT FORM AND SPECIFICATION: • TENSILE STRENGTH • YIELD STRENGTH • ELONGATION • REDUCTION OF AREA • HARDNESS METALLOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION MICROSTRUCTURAL EXAMINATION MAY BE REQUIRED TO EVALUATE: • GRAIN STRUCTURE • PRECIPITATES • INCLUSIONS • DEFECTS • HEAT-TREATMENT CONDITION NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING DEPENDING ON CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS: • ULTRASONIC TESTING • LIQUID PENETRANT INSPECTION • RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION • MAGNETIC-PARTICLE INSPECTION WHERE TECHNICALLY APPLICABLE DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION FOR ROUND BAR: • OUTSIDE DIAMETER • OVALITY • STRAIGHTNESS • LENGTH • END CONDITION • SURFACE CONDITION DOCUMENTATION AEROSPACE CUSTOMERS MAY REQUIRE: • MILL TEST CERTIFICATE • CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMANCE • HEAT NUMBER • CHEMICAL ANALYSIS • MECHANICAL TEST REPORT • HEAT-TREATMENT RECORD • INSPECTION REPORT • TRACEABILITY DOCUMENTATION • NONDESTRUCTIVE-TEST REPORT • MATERIAL SPECIFICATION REVISION DEFECTS TO CONTROL DURING RENÉ 41 MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURERS SHOULD PAY PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO: • NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS • SEGREGATION • CRACKS • LAPS • SEAMS • FORGING DEFECTS • OVERHEATING • IMPROPER HEAT TREATMENT • SURFACE CONTAMINATION • DIMENSIONAL VARIATION • STRAIGHTNESS PROBLEMS • MACHINING-INDUCED DAMAGE THE RISK PROFILE DEPENDS ON WHETHER THE PRODUCT IS AN INVESTMENT CASTING, FORGED BAR, ROLLED BAR, GROUND BAR OR MACHINED COMPONENT. AMS 5399 INVESTMENT CASTING VS RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR THIS DISTINCTION IS WORTH EMPHASIZING: AMS 5399 = INVESTMENT CASTING SPECIFICATION AMS 5712 = WROUGHT BAR/FORGING/RING SPECIFICATION AMS 5713 = WROUGHT BAR/FORGING/RING SPECIFICATION WITH PRECIPITATION TREATMENT THEREFORE, AN RFQ SHOULD NOT SIMPLY STATE: “SUPPLY AMS 5399 ROUND BAR.” A MORE TECHNICALLY USEFUL REQUEST WOULD IDENTIFY THE REQUIRED PRODUCT FORM AND APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION, FOR EXAMPLE: “RENÉ 41 / UNS N07041 NICKEL-BASE ALLOY ROUND BAR TO THE APPLICABLE CURRENT SAE AMS 5712 OR AMS 5713 REQUIREMENT, INCLUDING SPECIFIED HEAT TREATMENT, DIMENSIONS, SURFACE FINISH, TESTING AND CERTIFICATION.” THE EXACT SPECIFICATION MUST ALWAYS BE SELECTED FROM THE ENGINEERING DRAWING OR CUSTOMER'S APPROVED MATERIAL LIST. RELATED SAE SPECIFICATIONS AMS 5399 NICKEL ALLOY, CORROSION AND HEAT-RESISTANT, INVESTMENT CASTINGS 52NI-19CR-11CO-9.8MO-3.2TI-1.6AL-0.006B, VACUUM-MELTED, VACUUM-CAST, SOLUTION HEAT TREATED. CURRENT SAE LISTING: AMS 5399D, REAFFIRMED NOVEMBER 3, 2023. AMS 5712 NICKEL-BASE CORROSION- AND HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY FOR BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS, VACUUM MELTED AND SOLUTION TREATED. SAE LISTS THE CURRENT REVISION HISTORY THROUGH AMS 5712L, REVISED IN 2022. AMS 5713 NICKEL-BASE CORROSION- AND HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY FOR BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS, VACUUM MELTED, SOLUTION TREATED AND PRECIPITATION TREATED. SAE LISTS THE CURRENT REVISION HISTORY THROUGH AMS 5713L. AMS 5545 RENÉ 41 SHEET, STRIP AND PLATE SPECIFICATION. SAE'S CURRENT LISTED REVISION IS AMS 5545H, REVISED DECEMBER 13, 2023. AMS 5800 RENÉ 41 CORROSION- AND HEAT-RESISTANT WELDING WIRE SPECIFICATION. SAE LISTS AMS 5800H, REVISED SEPTEMBER 28, 2023. AMS 5399 HISTORICAL REVISION HISTORY SAE'S PUBLISHED HISTORY INCLUDES: • AMS 5399 — 1966 • AMS 5399A — 1977 • AMS 5399B — 1983 • AMS 5399C — 2000 • AMS 5399D — 2023 REAFFIRMATION THE CURRENT SAE RECORD IDENTIFIES AMS 5399D AS THE ACTIVE/REAFFIRMED SPECIFICATION. RENÉ 41 VS SIMILAR NICKEL SUPERALLOYS RENÉ 41 IS SOMETIMES COMPARED WITH OTHER PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED NICKEL ALLOYS. ALLOY RENÉ 41 UNS N07041 TYPICAL DISTINCTION: HIGH-STRENGTH NI-CR-CO-MO-TI-AL ALLOY WASPALOY UNS N07001 TYPICAL DISTINCTION: NI-CR-CO-MO PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED ALLOY UDIMET 700 UNS N07700 TYPICAL DISTINCTION: HIGH-TEMPERATURE PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED NICKEL ALLOY INCONEL 718 UNS N07718 TYPICAL DISTINCTION: NI-FE-CR-NB-MO ALLOY WITH EXCELLENT FABRICATION CHARACTERISTICS NIMONIC 80A UNS N07080 TYPICAL DISTINCTION: NI-CR-TI-AL PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED ALLOY ALLOY 625 UNS N06625 TYPICAL DISTINCTION: NI-CR-MO-NB CORROSION-RESISTANT ALLOY THESE ARE NOT AUTOMATIC EQUIVALENTS. FOR EXAMPLE, WASPALOY AND UDIMET 700 BELONG TO THE BROADER FAMILY OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE NICKEL SUPERALLOYS BUT HAVE MATERIALLY DIFFERENT CHEMISTRY, HEAT TREATMENT AND PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS. AMS 5399 AND RENÉ 41 BUYER CHECKLIST BEFORE ORDERING, SPECIFY: MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION • RENÉ 41 • UNS N07041 • W.NR. 2.4973 • APPLICABLE AMS SPECIFICATION PRODUCT FORM • ROUND BAR • FORGING • RING • INVESTMENT CASTING • SHEET • PLATE • WELDING WIRE CONDITION • SOLUTION TREATED • SOLUTION + PRECIPITATION TREATED • OTHER APPROVED CONDITION DIMENSIONS • DIAMETER • LENGTH • TOLERANCE • STRAIGHTNESS • SURFACE FINISH TESTING • CHEMICAL ANALYSIS • TENSILE TEST • HARDNESS • ULTRASONIC TEST • SURFACE INSPECTION • METALLOGRAPHY IF REQUIRED CERTIFICATION • MTC • COC • HEAT NUMBER • SPECIFICATION REVISION • TEST REPORTS • HEAT-TREATMENT RECORDS GLOBAL KEYWORD CLUSTER FOR AMS 5399 AND RENÉ 41 PRIMARY KEYWORDS AMS 5399, AMS5399, AMS 5399 ALLOY, AMS 5399 MATERIAL, AMS 5399 SPECIFICATION, AMS 5399 INVESTMENT CASTING, AMS 5399 NICKEL ALLOY, AMS 5399 SUPPLIER, AMS 5399 MANUFACTURER ROUND BAR KEYWORDS AMS 5399 ROUND BAR, AMS5399 ROUND BAR, AMS 5399 BAR, RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR, RENE 41 ROUND BAR, ALLOY 41 ROUND BAR, UNS N07041 ROUND BAR, 2.4973 ROUND BAR, NICKEL ALLOY ROUND BAR, AEROSPACE NICKEL ALLOY ROUND BAR MANUFACTURER KEYWORDS AMS 5399 MANUFACTURER, AMS 5399 SUPPLIER, AMS 5399 EXPORTER, AMS 5399 STOCKIST, AMS 5399 DISTRIBUTOR, RENÉ 41 MANUFACTURER, RENÉ 41 SUPPLIER, RENÉ 41 ROUND BAR SUPPLIER, N07041 ROUND BAR SUPPLIER INDUSTRIAL KEYWORDS AEROSPACE NICKEL ALLOY, AIRCRAFT ENGINE ALLOY, TURBINE ALLOY, HIGH TEMPERATURE ALLOY, HEAT RESISTANT NICKEL ALLOY, CORROSION RESISTANT NICKEL ALLOY, PRECIPITATION HARDENING NICKEL ALLOY, NICKEL SUPERALLOY, AEROSPACE SUPERALLOY, HIGH STRENGTH NICKEL ALLOY INTERNATIONAL SEARCH VARIATIONS RENE 41 MATERIAL, RENE 41 ALLOY, ALLOY 41, NICKEL ALLOY 41, N07041, UNS N07041, WERKSTOFF 2.4973, WNR 2.4973, DIN NICR19CO11MOTI, NC19KDT, AMS 5712, AMS 5713, AMS 5545, AMS 5800 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IS AMS 5399 A ROUND BAR SPECIFICATION? NO. AMS 5399 IS AN INVESTMENT-CASTING SPECIFICATION. SAE'S AMS 5399D DESCRIPTION SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIES THE MATERIAL AS INVESTMENT CASTINGS. WHAT IS THE ROUND-BAR SPECIFICATION FOR RENÉ 41? THE RELEVANT SAE SPECIFICATIONS INCLUDE AMS 5712 AND AMS 5713, BOTH OF WHICH COVER BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS. WHAT IS THE EQUIVALENT OF AMS 5399? AMS 5399 IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE RENÉ 41 / ALLOY 41 / UNS N07041 / WERKSTOFF 2.4973 / NICR19CO11MOTI MATERIAL FAMILY, BUT AN EQUIVALENT SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED BY COMPARING THE EXACT PRODUCT FORM AND SPECIFICATION—NOT CHEMISTRY ALONE. WHAT IS UNS N07041? UNS N07041 IS THE UNIFIED NUMBERING SYSTEM DESIGNATION COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH RENÉ 41. WHAT IS WERKSTOFF 2.4973? 2.4973 IS A EUROPEAN/GERMAN MATERIAL-NUMBER DESIGNATION ASSOCIATED WITH RENÉ 41 / ALLOY 41. IS RENÉ 41 THE SAME AS WASPALOY? NO. BOTH ARE PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED NICKEL SUPERALLOYS, BUT THEY HAVE DIFFERENT CHEMISTRY, PROCESSING REQUIREMENTS AND SPECIFICATIONS. IS AMS 5712 THE SAME AS AMS 5399? NO. AMS 5399 IS FOR INVESTMENT CASTINGS, WHILE AMS 5712 IS FOR BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS IN THE APPLICABLE ALLOY FAMILY. IS AMS 5713 SUITABLE FOR ROUND BAR? YES. SAE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICITLY IDENTIFIES AMS 5713 AS COVERING BARS, FORGINGS AND RINGS AND SPECIFIES SOLUTION AND PRECIPITATION TREATMENT. FINAL TECHNICAL SUMMARY AMS 5399 IS A HIGH-TEMPERATURE NICKEL-BASE INVESTMENT-CASTING SPECIFICATION, NOT A CONVENTIONAL ROUND-BAR SPECIFICATION. ITS ALLOY CHEMISTRY IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH RENÉ 41 / ALLOY 41 / UNS N07041 / WERKSTOFF 2.4973 / NICR19CO11MOTI. FOR PURCHASERS SEARCHING FOR AMS 5399 ROUND BAR, THE TECHNICALLY CORRECT APPROACH IS TO IDENTIFY THE MATERIAL AS RENÉ 41 AND THEN DETERMINE WHETHER AMS 5712 OR AMS 5713 IS THE APPROPRIATE WROUGHT BAR SPECIFICATION. FOR AEROSPACE PROCUREMENT, THE PRODUCT FORM, SPECIFICATION REVISION, HEAT-TREATMENT CONDITION, CHEMISTRY, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES, DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS, NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS SHOULD ALL BE EXPLICITLY DEFINED. THIS DISTINCTION IMPROVES BOTH TECHNICAL ACCURACY AND QUALITY BECAUSE IT CAPTURES SEARCHES FOR “AMS 5399 ROUND BAR” WHILE DIRECTING ENGINEERS AND BUYERS TOWARD THE APPROPRIATE RENÉ 41 AMS 5712/5713 ROUND-BAR STANDARDS RATHER THAN PERPETUATING AN INCORRECT SPECIFICATION CLAIM.