AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MANUFACTURING: AR-13 COBALT ALLOY, COMPOSITION, PROPERTIES, STANDARDS, EQUIVALENTS & APPLICATIONS AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR, ALSO KNOWN AS AIRESIST 13, AR-13, AIRESIST 13 COBALT ALLOY, AND AIRESIST 13 CAST COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOY, IS A HIGH-TEMPERATURE COBALT-BASED ALLOY DEVELOPED FOR DEMANDING HEAT-RESISTANT APPLICATIONS. AIRESIST 13 IS CHARACTERIZED BY A COBALT-RICH MATRIX CONTAINING APPROXIMATELY 21% CHROMIUM, 11% TUNGSTEN, 3.4–3.5% ALUMINUM, 2% TANTALUM AND APPROXIMATELY 0.45% CARBON, WITH YTTRIUM ADDITIONS REPORTED FOR OXIDATION RESISTANCE. PUBLISHED SOURCES GIVE COBALT AS APPROXIMATELY 58–62%, DEPENDING ON THE COMPOSITION TABLE AND TREATMENT OF MINOR CONSTITUENTS. THE ALLOY IS PARTICULARLY NOTABLE FOR ITS COMBINATION OF: • HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH • OXIDATION RESISTANCE • HOT HARDNESS • RESISTANCE TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE DEGRADATION • COBALT-BASE THERMAL STABILITY • CARBIDE-STRENGTHENED MICROSTRUCTURE • SUITABILITY FOR SEVERE HEAT-RESISTANT SERVICE ASM'S COBALT-ALLOY DATA IDENTIFIES AIRESIST 13 (AR-13) AS A DISTINCT COBALT ALLOY, WHILE HISTORICAL NASA DATA PLACES AIRESIST 13 AMONG VACUUM-MELTED COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOYS. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MANUFACTURING PROCESS BECAUSE AIRESIST 13 IS FUNDAMENTALLY DOCUMENTED AS A CAST COBALT-BASE ALLOY, MANUFACTURING A ROUND BAR IS NOT NECESSARILY EQUIVALENT TO MANUFACTURING A CONVENTIONAL WROUGHT NICKEL-ALLOY BAR. A CONTROLLED AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MANUFACTURING ROUTE CAN INCLUDE: RAW-MATERIAL SELECTION → CHARGE PREPARATION → VACUUM MELTING → ALLOY CHEMISTRY CONTROL → REFINING → CASTING → SOLIDIFICATION CONTROL → HOMOGENIZATION/HEAT TREATMENT WHERE APPLICABLE → BAR MACHINING → GRINDING/TURNING → NDT → DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION → CHEMICAL VERIFICATION → MECHANICAL TESTING → FINAL INSPECTION → CERTIFICATION. HISTORICAL LITERATURE SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIES AIRESIST 13 AMONG COBALT-BASE ALLOYS ASSOCIATED WITH VACUUM MELTING, AND MODERN SPECIALTY-ALLOY SUPPLIERS CONTINUE TO LIST AIRESIST 13 UNDER VACUUM-MELT ALLOYS. 1) RAW MATERIAL SELECTION MANUFACTURING BEGINS WITH CAREFULLY SELECTED: • COBALT • CHROMIUM • TUNGSTEN • ALUMINUM • TANTALUM • CARBON-BEARING ADDITIONS • NICKEL WHERE REQUIRED BY THE APPLICABLE CHEMISTRY • MANGANESE • YTTRIUM • OTHER APPROVED MASTER-ALLOY ADDITIONS CHARGE MATERIALS MUST BE SELECTED ACCORDING TO THE CUSTOMER'S CHEMICAL SPECIFICATION. FOR AEROSPACE OR HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS, TRACE-ELEMENT CONTROL CAN BE AS IMPORTANT AS THE PRINCIPAL ALLOYING ELEMENTS. 2) VACUUM MELTING AIRESIST 13 IS ASSOCIATED WITH VACUUM MELTING, WHICH IS ADVANTAGEOUS WHEN CONTROL OF GASES AND UNDESIRABLE IMPURITIES IS IMPORTANT. VACUUM MELTING CAN PROVIDE IMPROVED CONTROL OF: • OXYGEN • NITROGEN • HYDROGEN • SULFUR • INCLUSION-FORMING ELEMENTS • VOLATILE CONTAMINANTS HISTORICAL NASA DOCUMENTATION SPECIFICALLY DISCUSSES VACUUM-MELTED COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOYS AND INCLUDES AIRESIST 13 IN THAT GROUP. A MODERN PRODUCTION ROUTE MAY USE VACUUM INDUCTION MELTING (VIM) OR ANOTHER CONTROLLED MELTING PROCESS APPROPRIATE TO THE CUSTOMER'S SPECIFICATION. AIRESIST 13 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION A COMMONLY PUBLISHED NOMINAL COMPOSITION FOR AIRESIST 13 IS APPROXIMATELY: ELEMENT - TYPICAL / NOMINAL CONTENT COBALT, CO ~58–62% CHROMIUM, CR ~21% TUNGSTEN, W ~11% ALUMINUM, AL ~3.4–3.5% TANTALUM, TA ~2% CARBON, C ~0.45% IRON, FE ~2.5% REPORTED IN SOME COMPOSITION TABLES NICKEL, NI ~1% REPORTED IN SOME TABLES MANGANESE, MN ~0.50% REPORTED YTTRIUM, Y ~0.1% SILICON MINOR/RESIDUAL PUBLISHED REFERENCES DIFFER SLIGHTLY BECAUSE SOME TABLES REPORT NOMINAL COMPOSITION, WHILE OTHERS PRESENT TYPICAL CHEMISTRY OR MAXIMUM/MINIMUM VALUES. THE PURCHASING SPECIFICATION SHOULD THEREFORE TAKE PRECEDENCE OVER A GENERIC COMPOSITION TABLE. IMPORTANT CHEMISTRY NOTE ONE ASM-DERIVED TABLE LISTS APPROXIMATELY 58 CO, 21 CR, 11 W, 3.5 AL, 2.5 FE, 2 TA, 1 NI, 0.50 MN, 0.45 C AND 0.1 Y. OTHER TECHNICAL TABLES SIMPLIFY THE CHEMISTRY TO APPROXIMATELY 62 CO, 21 CR, 11 W, 3.4 AL, 2 TA, 0.45 C AND 0.1 Y. CONSEQUENTLY, SUPPLIERS SHOULD NOT COMBINE THESE FIGURES INTO A FABRICATED 'EXACT STANDARD CHEMISTRY.' THE MILL CERTIFICATE AND GOVERNING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION SHOULD CONTROL. AIRESIST 13 MATERIAL PROPERTIES AIRESIST 13 HAS A REPORTED DENSITY OF APPROXIMATELY: 8.43 G/CM³ (0.305 LB/IN³) AT APPROXIMATELY 20°C. REPRESENTATIVE PUBLISHED TENSILE DATA INCLUDE: TEMPERATURE: 21°C / 70°F TENSILE STRENGTH: ~600 MPA / 87 KSI YIELD STRENGTH: ~530 MPA / 77 KSI ELONGATION: ~1.5% TEMPERATURE: 650°C / 1200°F TENSILE STRENGTH: ~475 MPA / 69 KSI YIELD STRENGTH: ~385 MPA / 56 KSI ELONGATION: ~4.5% TEMPERATURE: 760°C / 1400°F TENSILE STRENGTH: ~420 MPA / 61 KSI YIELD STRENGTH: ~330 MPA / 48 KSI ELONGATION: ~4.5% TEMPERATURE: 870°C / 1600°F TENSILE STRENGTH: ~290 MPA / 42 KSI YIELD STRENGTH: ~275 MPA / 40 KSI ELONGATION: ~21% THESE ARE PUBLISHED REPRESENTATIVE PROPERTIES, NOT GUARANTEED PURCHASE VALUES. ACTUAL PROPERTIES CAN VARY ACCORDING TO CASTING CONDITION, HEAT TREATMENT, SECTION SIZE, TEST ORIENTATION AND MANUFACTURING ROUTE. WHY CHROMIUM, TUNGSTEN, ALUMINUM AND TANTALUM MATTER CHROMIUM CHROMIUM CONTRIBUTES STRONGLY TO THE ALLOY'S OXIDATION AND CORROSION RESISTANCE. TUNGSTEN THE HIGH TUNGSTEN CONTENT CONTRIBUTES TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH AND CARBIDE/SOLID-SOLUTION STRENGTHENING. ALUMINUM ALUMINUM SUPPORTS FORMATION OF PROTECTIVE OXIDE SCALES AND CONTRIBUTES TO ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION RESISTANCE. TANTALUM TANTALUM CONTRIBUTES TO STRENGTHENING THROUGH REFRACTORY PHASES AND CARBIDE-RELATED MECHANISMS. CARBON CARBON PARTICIPATES IN CARBIDE FORMATION, WHICH IS IMPORTANT TO THE ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH AND WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF MANY CAST COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOYS. YTTRIUM SMALL YTTRIUM ADDITIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED OXIDATION PERFORMANCE. TECHNICAL REFERENCES SPECIFICALLY NOTE YTTRIUM ADDITIONS IN SOME COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS FOR OXIDATION RESISTANCE. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MANUFACTURING: CASTING SINCE PUBLISHED MATERIALS IDENTIFY AIRESIST 13 AS A CAST ALLOY, CASTING IS A CRITICAL STAGE. DEPENDING ON THE INTENDED PRODUCT AND CUSTOMER'S SPECIFICATION, MANUFACTURERS MAY PRODUCE A SUITABLE CAST STOCK FOLLOWED BY MACHINING INTO ROUND-BAR DIMENSIONS. POTENTIAL CASTING CONTROLS INCLUDE: • MOLD TEMPERATURE • POURING TEMPERATURE • SOLIDIFICATION RATE • ATMOSPHERE • SHRINKAGE CONTROL • GAS-CONTENT CONTROL • SEGREGATION CONTROL • INCLUSION CONTROL • SURFACE QUALITY • INTERNAL SOUNDNESS FOR AEROSPACE-GRADE APPLICATIONS, PROCESS QUALIFICATION AND TRACEABILITY ARE ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MACHINING AIRESIST 13 BELONGS TO THE DIFFICULT-TO-MACHINE FAMILY OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE COBALT-BASE ALLOYS. MACHINING CAN INVOLVE: • CNC TURNING • FACING • CENTER DRILLING • THREADING • GRINDING • SAW CUTTING • DRILLING • MILLING • CENTERLESS GRINDING • PRECISION FINISHING MACHINING PARAMETERS SHOULD BE DEVELOPED FOR THE ACTUAL MATERIAL CONDITION. PARMANU DHATU NIGAM MACHINING LITERATURE GROUPS AIRESIST 13 WITH COBALT-BASED HEAT-RESISTANT MATERIALS AND LISTS IT AMONG CAST COBALT-BASE ALLOYS USED IN DEMANDING MACHINING APPLICATIONS. RECOMMENDED MANUFACTURING APPROACH FOR PRECISION AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR, MANUFACTURERS MAY USE: CAST STOCK → ROUGH MACHINING → HEAT TREATMENT WHERE SPECIFIED → ULTRASONIC INSPECTION → TURNING → CENTERLESS GRINDING → DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION → FINAL SURFACE FINISHING. AIRESIST 13 HEAT TREATMENT HEAT TREATMENT MUST BE BASED ON THE SPECIFIC PURCHASE SPECIFICATION AND INTENDED PRODUCT CONDITION. A MANUFACTURER SHOULD NOT AUTOMATICALLY APPLY A GENERIC HEAT-TREATMENT SCHEDULE FROM ANOTHER COBALT ALLOY SUCH AS STELLITE, HAYNES 21, MAR-M 302 OR MAR-M 509. RELEVANT VARIABLES INCLUDE: • SOLUTION TREATMENT • STABILIZATION • STRESS RELIEF • COOLING RATE • FURNACE ATMOSPHERE • HOLDING TIME • SECTION THICKNESS • POST-TREATMENT HARDNESS • MICROSTRUCTURE FOR AN AEROSPACE COMPONENT, THE HEAT-TREATMENT PROCEDURE SHOULD BE DOCUMENTED AND TRACEABLE TO THE APPLICABLE MATERIAL OR CUSTOMER SPECIFICATION. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR INSPECTION HIGH-QUALITY AIRESIST 13 BAR MANUFACTURING MAY INCLUDE: CHEMICAL ANALYSIS TYPICAL TECHNIQUES INCLUDE: • OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY • X-RAY FLUORESCENCE WHERE SUITABLE • COMBUSTION ANALYSIS FOR CARBON • INERT-GAS FUSION ANALYSIS FOR SELECTED INTERSTITIAL ELEMENTS MECHANICAL TESTING DEPENDING ON THE SPECIFICATION: • TENSILE TESTING • YIELD-STRENGTH TESTING • ELONGATION • STRESS-RUPTURE TESTING • CREEP TESTING • HARDNESS TESTING NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING POTENTIAL METHODS INCLUDE: • ULTRASONIC TESTING • DYE PENETRANT TESTING • RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING • EDDY-CURRENT TESTING WHERE APPROPRIATE • VISUAL INSPECTION DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION THE FINISHED ROUND BAR CAN BE CHECKED FOR: • OUTSIDE DIAMETER • ROUNDNESS • STRAIGHTNESS • LENGTH • SURFACE ROUGHNESS • CHAMFER • END CONDITION • SURFACE DEFECTS AIRESIST 13 INTERNATIONAL EQUIVALENTS THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AREAS FOR INTERNATIONAL BUYERS. DIRECT EQUIVALENT AR-13 IS A DOCUMENTED ALTERNATIVE DESIGNATION FOR AIRESIST 13) ASM IDENTIFIES THE ALLOY AS AIRESIST 13 (AR-13). THEREFORE: AIRESIST 13 = AR-13 IS A DEFENSIBLE DESIGNATION RELATIONSHIP. UNS EQUIVALENT A UNIVERSAL UNS NUMBER SHOULD NOT BE ASSIGNED TO AIRESIST 13 WITHOUT DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE. THIS IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT BECAUSE COBALT ALLOYS IN THE SAME FAMILY MAY HAVE UNS NUMBERS WHILE AIRESIST 13 APPEARS IN TECHNICAL ALLOY TABLES WITHOUT A CORRESPONDING UNS NUMBER. ASM'S COBALT-ALLOY REFERENCES DISTINGUISH AIRESIST 13 FROM ALLOYS FOR WHICH UNS NUMBERS ARE EXPLICITLY SUPPLIED. RECOMMENDED PURCHASING DESCRIPTION INSTEAD OF INVENTING A UNS NUMBER, USE: AIRESIST 13 (AR-13), COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT CAST ALLOY, PER AGREED CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL SPECIFICATION. EUROPEAN EN / DIN EQUIVALENT THERE IS NO BROADLY DOCUMENTED ONE-TO-ONE EN/DIN MATERIAL NUMBER EQUIVALENT FOR AIRESIST 13 THAT SHOULD BE PRESENTED AS AN EXACT SUBSTITUTION. EUROPEAN BUYERS MAY THEREFORE SPECIFY: AIRESIST 13 / AR-13 — CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES TO AGREED SPECIFICATION. THIS IS PREFERABLE TO INCORRECTLY ASSIGNING A GENERIC EN COBALT ALLOY NUMBER. ASTM EQUIVALENT AIRESIST 13 APPEARS IN TECHNICAL LITERATURE ALONGSIDE ASTM SPECIFICATIONS APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS CAST HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS, BUT THAT DOES NOT MEAN EVERY ASTM CASTING SPECIFICATION IS AN EXACT AIRESIST 13 GRADE DESIGNATION. ASTM A297, A351 AND A608, FOR EXAMPLE, OCCUR IN INDUSTRY REFERENCES FOR CAST HEAT-RESISTANT MATERIALS. HOWEVER, AIRESIST 13 SHOULD NOT AUTOMATICALLY BE MARKETED AS 'ASTM A297 AIRESIST 13' UNLESS THE SUPPLIED MATERIAL HAS ACTUALLY BEEN ORDERED, TESTED AND CERTIFIED TO THAT PARTICULAR SPECIFICATION AND GRADE. THIS DISTINCTION IS CRITICAL FOR TECHNICAL AS WELL AS ENGINEERING ACCURACY. SIMILAR COBALT-BASED ALLOYS TO AIRESIST 13 AIRESIST 13 BELONGS TO A BROADER FAMILY OF COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT SUPERALLOYS. FREQUENTLY ENCOUNTERED RELATED GRADES INCLUDE: • AIRESIST 213 • AIRESIST 215 • HAYNES 21 • HAYNES 25 / L-605 • HAYNES 188 • MAR-M 302 • MAR-M 322 • MAR-M 509 • FSX-414 • FSX-418 • FSX-430 • NASA CO-W-RE • WI-52 • STELLITE ALLOYS TECHNICAL ALLOY TABLES PLACE AIRESIST 13 ALONGSIDE THESE COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS. AIRESIST 13 VS SIMILAR ALLOYS AIRESIST 13 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE/OXIDATION RESISTANCE AIRESIST 213 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH AIRESIST 215 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH HAYNES 21 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST/WROUGHT APPLICATIONS MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HEAT RESISTANCE HAYNES 25 / L-605 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: WROUGHT MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH HAYNES 188 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: WROUGHT MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION RESISTANCE MAR-M 302 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH MAR-M 509 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE FSX-414 BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: GAS-TURBINE APPLICATIONS STELLITE ALLOYS BASE: COBALT TYPICAL FORM: CAST/WROUGHT MAJOR CHARACTERISTIC: WEAR AND HEAT RESISTANCE THESE ARE RELATED/SIMILAR ALLOYS, NOT AUTOMATIC METALLURGICAL EQUIVALENTS. AIRESIST 13 BRAND NAMES AND TRADE NAMES THE PRINCIPAL RECOGNIZED DESIGNATION IS: • AIRESIST 13 • AIRESIST 13 • AIRESIST 13 WHERE TRADEMARK STATUS IS APPLICABLE TO THE PARTICULAR SUPPLIER • AR-13 TRADE LITERATURE ALSO PLACES AIRESIST 13 WITHIN THE FAMILY OF PROPRIETARY COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS. AEROSPACE AND INDUSTRIAL SUPPLIERS MAY USE CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS RATHER THAN A GLOBALLY STANDARDIZED COMMERCIAL DESIGNATION. IMPORTANT WARNING DO NOT USE UNRELATED TRADEMARKS SUCH AS STELLITE, HAYNES, MAR-M OR INCONEL AS IF THEY WERE BRANDS OF AIRESIST 13. THEY ARE SEPARATE ALLOY FAMILIES/DESIGNATIONS. COMMON NAMES FOR AIRESIST 13 INTERNATIONAL BUYERS MAY SEARCH FOR THE ALLOY USING SEVERAL TERMS: • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR • AIRESIST 13 BAR • AR-13 ROUND BAR • AR13 COBALT ALLOY • AR-13 COBALT ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 COBALT ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 SUPERALLOY • AIRESIST 13 HEAT RESISTANT ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 CAST ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 HIGH TEMPERATURE ALLOY • COBALT BASE ALLOY AIRESIST 13 • COBALT BASED SUPERALLOY AIRESIST 13 • COBALT ALLOY ROUND BAR • CAST COBALT ALLOY BAR • HIGH TEMPERATURE COBALT ALLOY BAR AIRESIST 13 APPLICATIONS AIRESIST 13 IS ASSOCIATED WITH DEMANDING HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE. POTENTIAL APPLICATION AREAS INCLUDE: AEROSPACE • GAS-TURBINE COMPONENTS • COMBUSTION-SYSTEM COMPONENTS • HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS • EXHAUST-SYSTEM COMPONENTS • HOT-SECTION HARDWARE POWER GENERATION • GAS TURBINES • HIGH-TEMPERATURE FURNACE COMPONENTS • COMBUSTION HARDWARE • HEAT-RESISTANT COMPONENTS INDUSTRIAL HEATING • FURNACE COMPONENTS • HEAT-TREATMENT EQUIPMENT • HIGH-TEMPERATURE FIXTURES • BURNER HARDWARE PETROCHEMICAL AND ENERGY WHERE ITS TEMPERATURE AND OXIDATION-RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS ARE COMPATIBLE WITH THE SERVICE ENVIRONMENT. HISTORICAL SUPERALLOY REFERENCES IDENTIFY AIRESIST 13 AMONG COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS USED FOR DEMANDING ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR SIZES AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR CAN BE SUPPLIED IN DIMENSIONS ACCORDING TO: • CUSTOMER DRAWING • PURCHASE ORDER • CASTING CAPABILITY • MACHINING CAPABILITY • FINISHED-MACHINED DIMENSIONS • FORGED OR CAST STOCK REQUIREMENTS, WHERE APPLICABLE COMMON COMMERCIAL SEARCH TERMINOLOGY INCLUDES: • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 10 MM • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 20 MM • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 25 MM • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 30 MM • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 40 MM • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 50 MM • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 60 MM • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR 100 MM • AIRESIST 13 LARGE DIAMETER BAR ACTUAL AVAILABILITY DEPENDS UPON MANUFACTURING ROUTE AND SUPPLIER CAPABILITY. AIRESIST 13 SURFACE FINISH DEPENDING UPON THE APPLICATION, FINISHED BAR CAN BE SUPPLIED WITH: • HOT-FINISHED SURFACE • ROUGH MACHINED SURFACE • TURNED SURFACE • GROUND SURFACE • CENTERLESS-GROUND SURFACE • PRECISION-MACHINED SURFACE • POLISHED SURFACE FOR CRITICAL AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS, SURFACE DEFECTS CAN BE PARTICULARLY SIGNIFICANT BECAUSE CRACKS, LAPS, INCLUSIONS OR MACHINING DAMAGE MAY ACT AS FATIGUE-INITIATION SITES. AIRESIST 13 QUALITY CERTIFICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL AND AEROSPACE PROCUREMENT, CUSTOMERS MAY REQUEST: • MILL TEST CERTIFICATE • CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REPORT • MECHANICAL TEST REPORT • HEAT-TREATMENT CERTIFICATE • DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION REPORT • ULTRASONIC TEST REPORT • RADIOGRAPHIC TEST REPORT • DYE-PENETRANT REPORT • CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY • MATERIAL TRACEABILITY • HEAT/LOT IDENTIFICATION • EN 10204 3.1 OR 3.2 DOCUMENTATION WHERE CONTRACTUALLY APPLICABLE EN 10204 CERTIFICATION IS A DOCUMENTATION STANDARD, NOT AN AIRESIST 13 MATERIAL-EQUIVALENCY STANDARD. INTERNATIONAL SPECIFICATION STRATEGY FOR INTERNATIONAL PROCUREMENT, THE SAFEST DESCRIPTION IS: AIRESIST 13 (AR-13) COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT CAST ALLOY MANUFACTURED AND SUPPLIED TO THE PURCHASER'S SPECIFIED CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, MECHANICAL-PROPERTY, HEAT-TREATMENT, DIMENSIONAL AND INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS. THIS AVOIDS FALSELY ASSIGNING AN EN, DIN, JIS, UNS OR ASTM GRADE WHERE AN EXACT EQUIVALENT HAS NOT BEEN ESTABLISHED. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR KEYWORDS THERE IS AN IMPORTANT LIMITATION REGARDING THE PHRASE “GLOBAL SEARCH DATA.” PUBLIC WEB RESULTS DO NOT PROVIDE A RELIABLE, UNIVERSAL DATABASE OF EXACT WORLDWIDE MONTHLY SEARCH VOLUMES FOR THIS NICHE ALLOY. THE KEYWORD SET BELOW IS THEREFORE OPTIMIZED AROUND COMMERCIAL INTENT, INTERNATIONAL TERMINOLOGY, MATERIAL-NAME VARIANTS AND BROADER HIGH-DEMAND ALLOY SEARCHES, RATHER THAN CLAIMING FABRICATED NUMERICAL SEARCH VOLUMES. PRIMARY KEYWORDS • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR • AIRESIST 13 BAR • AIRESIST 13 • AR-13 ROUND BAR • AIRESIST 13 COBALT ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 SUPERALLOY • AIRESIST 13 MATERIAL • AIRESIST 13 SUPPLIER • AIRESIST 13 MANUFACTURER • AIRESIST 13 STOCKIST • AIRESIST 13 EXPORTER • AIRESIST 13 PRICE • AIRESIST 13 SPECIFICATION • AIRESIST 13 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION HIGH-INTENT COMMERCIAL KEYWORDS • BUY AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR SUPPLIER • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MANUFACTURER • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR EXPORTER • AIRESIST 13 BAR MANUFACTURER • AIRESIST 13 BAR SUPPLIER • AIRESIST 13 COBALT ALLOY SUPPLIER • AIRESIST 13 COBALT ALLOY MANUFACTURER • AIRESIST 13 STOCK • AIRESIST 13 BAR STOCK • AIRESIST 13 CUSTOM SIZE • AIRESIST 13 CUT TO SIZE INTERNATIONAL KEYWORDS • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR INDIA • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR USA • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR UK • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR EUROPE • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR GERMANY • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR ITALY • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR FRANCE • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR UAE • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR SAUDI ARABIA • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR CHINA • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR JAPAN • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR SOUTH KOREA • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR SINGAPORE • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MALAYSIA • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR AUSTRALIA LONG-TAIL AIRESIST 13 KEYWORDS FOR ORGANIC SEARCH, LONG-TAIL TERMS CAN BE PARTICULARLY USEFUL: • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES • AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR SPECIFICATION • AIRESIST 13 COBALT ALLOY CHEMICAL COMPOSITION • AIRESIST 13 AR-13 EQUIVALENT • AIRESIST 13 INTERNATIONAL EQUIVALENT • AIRESIST 13 MATERIAL EQUIVALENT • AIRESIST 13 ASTM EQUIVALENT • AIRESIST 13 UNS NUMBER • AIRESIST 13 EN EQUIVALENT • AIRESIST 13 DIN EQUIVALENT • AIRESIST 13 JIS EQUIVALENT • AIRESIST 13 DENSITY • AIRESIST 13 TENSILE STRENGTH • AIRESIST 13 YIELD STRENGTH • AIRESIST 13 HIGH TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES • AIRESIST 13 HEAT TREATMENT • AIRESIST 13 MACHINING • AIRESIST 13 CASTING • AIRESIST 13 VACUUM MELTING • AIRESIST 13 AEROSPACE ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 GAS TURBINE ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 HIGH TEMPERATURE ALLOY • AIRESIST 13 OXIDATION RESISTANT ALLOY AIRESIST 13 VS INCONEL A COMMON SEARCH-ENGINE COMPARISON IS AIRESIST 13 VS INCONEL. HOWEVER, THIS COMPARISON REQUIRES CARE. AIRESIST 13 IS COBALT-BASE, WHEREAS THE INCONEL FAMILY IS PREDOMINANTLY NICKEL-BASE. AIRESIST 13 SHOULD THEREFORE NOT BE TREATED AS A GENERIC SUBSTITUTE FOR INCONEL ALLOYS SUCH AS INCONEL 600, 625 OR 718. THE CORRECT MATERIAL SHOULD BE SELECTED ACCORDING TO: • OPERATING TEMPERATURE • OXIDIZING ENVIRONMENT • SULFIDATION • MECHANICAL LOADING • CREEP REQUIREMENTS • STRESS-RUPTURE REQUIREMENTS • WEAR • CORROSION • FABRICATION ROUTE • APPLICABLE SPECIFICATION AIRESIST 13 VS STELLITE AIRESIST 13 AND STELLITE ALLOYS ARE BOTH ASSOCIATED WITH COBALT-BASE MATERIALS, BUT THEY ARE NOT INTERCHANGEABLE BY NAME. STELLITE ENCOMPASSES NUMEROUS COBALT-BASE ALLOYS OPTIMIZED FOR DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF: • WEAR RESISTANCE • EROSION RESISTANCE • CORROSION RESISTANCE • HOT HARDNESS • HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE AIRESIST 13 IS SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED AS A COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT CAST ALLOY. AIRESIST 13 VS HAYNES 21 HAYNES 21 IS ANOTHER COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY APPEARING IN TECHNICAL ALLOY CLASSIFICATIONS. HOWEVER, ITS CHEMISTRY AND PERFORMANCE ARE DIFFERENT FROM AIRESIST 13. CONSEQUENTLY: AIRESIST 13 ≠ HAYNES 21 ALTHOUGH BOTH CAN OCCUR IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE COBALT-ALLOY APPLICATIONS. AIRESIST 13 VS MAR-M 302 MAR-M 302 IS ANOTHER CAST COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOY. TECHNICAL TABLES SHOW SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN COMPOSITION BETWEEN AIRESIST 13 AND MAR-M 302, PARTICULARLY IN CARBON, CHROMIUM, ALUMINUM, TANTALUM AND TUNGSTEN LEVELS. THEREFORE: MAR-M 302 SHOULD BE TREATED AS A RELATED ALLOY, NOT AN AUTOMATIC AIRESIST 13 EQUIVALENT. WHY AIRESIST 13 IS USED FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE THE ALLOY'S DESIGN COMBINES: COBALT MATRIX + CHROMIUM + TUNGSTEN + ALUMINUM + TANTALUM + CARBON + YTTRIUM TO PROVIDE A COMBINATION OF ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESISTANCE. PUBLISHED DATA DEMONSTRATE USEFUL TENSILE STRENGTH EVEN AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES, WHILE ITS CHEMISTRY IS DESIGNED AROUND REFRACTORY AND OXIDATION-RESISTANT ALLOYING PRINCIPLES. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MANUFACTURER A SPECIALIST MANUFACTURER PRODUCING AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR SHOULD IDEALLY DEMONSTRATE: 1. CONTROLLED RAW-MATERIAL SOURCING 2. VACUUM MELTING CAPABILITY 3. COMPLETE HEAT/LOT TRACEABILITY 4. ACCURATE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 5. CONTROLLED CASTING 6. QUALIFIED HEAT TREATMENT 7. PRECISION MACHINING 8. NDT CAPABILITY 9. DIMENSIONAL INSPECTION 10. MATERIAL CERTIFICATION 11. EXPORT PACKAGING 12. INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTATION FOR CRITICAL APPLICATIONS, CUSTOMERS SHOULD REQUEST THE EXACT GOVERNING SPECIFICATION BEFORE PLACING THE ORDER. AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR MANUFACTURING: TECHNICAL SUMMARY AIRESIST 13 ALLOY FAMILY: COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOY ALTERNATIVE DESIGNATION: AR-13 PRODUCT CLASSIFICATION IN MAJOR REFERENCES: CAST COBALT ALLOY MAIN BASE ELEMENT: COBALT CHROMIUM: ~21% TUNGSTEN: ~11% ALUMINUM: ~3.4–3.5% TANTALUM: ~2% CARBON: ~0.45% YTTRIUM: ~0.1% DENSITY: ~8.43 G/CM³ PRINCIPAL CHARACTERISTIC: HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE TYPICAL MANUFACTURING ASSOCIATION: VACUUM MELTING + CASTING TYPICAL APPLICATIONS: HIGH-TEMPERATURE INDUSTRIAL/AEROSPACE COMPONENTS EXACT UNS EQUIVALENT: NOT ESTABLISHED FROM THE SOURCES REVIEWED EXACT EN/DIN EQUIVALENT: NO VERIFIED ONE-TO-ONE EQUIVALENT IDENTIFIED EXACT ASTM BAR GRADE: NO VERIFIED ONE-TO-ONE AIRESIST 13 ROUND-BAR DESIGNATION IDENTIFIED COMMON ALTERNATIVE NAME: AR-13 THE CLASSIFICATION AS A CAST COBALT ALLOY IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT WHEN PREPARING A PRODUCT PAGE TITLED “AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR.” CONCLUSION AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR IS BEST PRESENTED AS A SPECIALTY COBALT-BASE HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY PRODUCT, WITH AIRESIST 13 / AR-13 BEING THE PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTED DESIGNATIONS. ITS APPROXIMATE CHEMISTRY OF COBALT, CHROMIUM, TUNGSTEN, ALUMINUM, TANTALUM AND CARBON GIVES IT A COMBINATION OF ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE STRENGTH AND OXIDATION RESISTANCE SUITABLE FOR SEVERE SERVICE. THE STRONGEST TECHNICAL SELLING POINTS ARE: • AIRESIST 13 (AR-13) COBALT-BASE ALLOY • HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALLOY • CAST COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOY • VACUUM-MELT CAPABILITY • HIGH-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL STRENGTH • OXIDATION RESISTANCE • AEROSPACE AND GAS-TURBINE APPLICATIONS • CUSTOM-MACHINED ROUND-BAR DIMENSIONS • CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL CERTIFICATION • INTERNATIONAL SUPPLY CAPABILITY MOST IMPORTANTLY, AIRESIST 13 SHOULD NOT BE ASSIGNED AN INVENTED UNS, EN, DIN OR ASTM EQUIVALENT MERELY FOR PURPOSES. THE TECHNICAL SOURCES REVIEWED CONSISTENTLY IDENTIFY IT AS A DISTINCT COBALT-BASE ALLOY AND, IMPORTANTLY, AS A CAST ALLOY. SUGGESTED TITLE AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR | AR-13 COBALT ALLOY MANUFACTURER, SUPPLIER, SPECIFICATIONS, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION & APPLICATIONS SUGGESTED META DESCRIPTION AIRESIST 13 ROUND BAR (AR-13) COBALT-BASE SUPERALLOY MANUFACTURER AND SUPPLIER. EXPLORE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, PROPERTIES, MANUFACTURING, HEAT TREATMENT, SPECIFICATIONS, EQUIVALENTS, MACHINING AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS.